QUOTE(Fishy @ Feb 22 2006, 11:16 AM) [snapback]515355[/snapback]
Which weed is for me???? To learn more google THC CBD CBN. - top of the list
i think thats worth actually including the
link - dont think it breaks any site rules and its an interesting article.
in fact, fuck it, i'll save ya'll a click...
QUOTE
Marijuana
Cannabinoids (THC, CBD, CBN...)
The Active Ingredients Of Cannabis
Cannabis includes marijuana, hashish, and hash oil.
In short, THC gets you stoned, a higher THC content will produce a stronger stone. Without THC you don't get high. CBD increases some of the effects of THC and decreases other effects of THC.
Marijuana or hash that has a high level of both THC and CBD will produce a strong head-stone that feels almost dreamlike. Marijuana that has low levels of THC and high levels of CBD is more of a buzz, the mind feels dull and the body feels tired. High levels of THC and low levels of CBD contribute to a strong, clear headed, more energetic stone.
CBN is produced as THC ages and breaks down, this process is known as oxidization. High levels of CBN tend to make the user feel messed up rather than high. CBN levels can be kept to a minimum by storing cannabis products in a dark, cool, airtight environment. A vacuum packed, light-proof container stored in a frost free freezer is recommended. Marijuana should be dry prior to storage.
THCV is found primarily in strains of African and Asian cannabis. THCV increases the speed and intensity of THC effects, but also causes the stone to end sooner. Weed that smells strong (prior to smoking) might indicate a high level of THCV.
If you are a grower, you can experiment with different strains of cannabis to produce the various qualities you seek. A medical user looking for something with sleep producing or pain killing properties might want to produce a crop that has high levels of CBD.
Another user looking for a more energetic stone will want to grow a strain that has low levels of CBD. In general, cannabis sativa has low levels of CBD and high levels of THC. Cannabis indica has higher amounts of CBD and lower amounts of THC than sativa. See marijuana strains.
For a more scientific description, see below for an excerpt from marijuana growers guide by Mel Frank.
Cannabis is unique in many ways. Of all plants, it is the only genus known to produce chemical substances known as cannabinoids. The cannabinoids are the psychoactive ingredients of marijuana; they are what get you high. By 1974, there were 37 naturally occurring cannabinoids that had been discovered.
Most of the cannabinoids appear in very small amounts (less than .01 percent of total cannabinoids) and are not considered psychoactive, or else not important to the high. Many are simply homologues or analogues (similar structure or function) to the few major cannabinoids which are listed.
There are several numbering systems used for cannabinoids. The system here is based on formal chemical rules for numbering pyran compounds. Another common system is used more by Europeans and is based on a monoterpenoid system which is more useful considering the biogenesis of the compound.
Tetrahydrocannabinol - THC
Delta 9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol - delta-9 THC is the main psychotomimetic (mindbending) ingredient of marijuana. Estimates state that 70 to 100 percent of the marijuana high results from the delta-9 THC present. It occurs in almost all Cannabis in concentration that vary from traces to about 95 percent of all the cannabinoids in the sample.
In very potent varieties, carefully prepared marijuana can be 30 percent delta-9 THC by dry weight or higher (seeds and stems removed from flowering buds). Buds are the popular name given to masses of female flowers that form distinct clusters.
Delta 8-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol - delta-8 THC is reported in low concentration, less than one percent of the delta-9 THC present. Its activity is slightly less than that of delta-9 THC. It may be an artefact of the extraction/analysis process. Almost everyone who uses the term THC, refers to delta-9 THC and delta-8 THC combined, as THC.
Cannabidiol - CBD
Cannabidiol - CBD also occurs in almost all varieties. Concentration range from none, to about 95 percent of the total cannabinoids present. THC and CBD are the two most abundant naturally occurring cannabinoids. CBD is not psychotomimetic in the pure form, although it does have sedative, analgesic, and antibiotic properties.
In order for CBD to affect the high, THC must be present in quantities ordinarily psychoactive. CBD can contribute to the high by interacting with THC to potentiate (enhance) or antagonize (interfere or lessen) certain qualities of the high.
CBD appears to potentiate the depressant effects of THC and antagonize is excitatory effects. CBD also delays the onset of the high but can make it last considerably longer (as much as twice as long). The kind of grass that takes a while to come on but keeps coming on.
Opinions are conflicting as to whether it increases or decreases the intensity of the high, intensity and high being difficult to define. Terms such as knock-out or sleepy, dreamlike, or melancholic are often used to describe the high from grass with sizeable proportions of CBD and THC.
When only small amounts of THC are present with high proportions of CBD, the high is more of a buzz, and the mind feels dull and the body de-energized.
Cannabinol - CBN
Cannabinol - CBN is not produced by the plant per se. It is the degradation (oxidative) product of THC. Fresh samples of marijuana contain very little CBN but curing, poor storage, or processing such as when making hashish, can cause much of the THC to be oxidized to CBN. Pure forms of CBN have at most 10 percent of the psychoactivity of THC.
Like CBD, it is suspected of potentiating certain aspects of the high, although so far these effects appear to be slight. CBN seems to potentiate THC's disorienting qualities. One may feel more dizzy or drugged or generally messed up but not necessarily higher.
In fact, with a high proportion of CBN, the high may start well but feels as if it never quite reaches its peak, and when coming down one feels tired or sleepy. High CBN in homegrown grass is not desirable since it represents a loss of 90 percent of the psychoactivity of its precursor THC.
Tetrahydrocannabivarin - THCV
Tetrahydrocannabivarin - THCV or THV is the propyl homologue of THC. In the aromatic ring the usual five-carbon pentyl is replaced by a short three-carbon propyl chain. The propyl cannabinoids have so far been found in some varieties originating from Southeast and Central Asia and parts of Africa. What are considered some very potent marijuana varieties contain propyl cannabinoids.
In one study, THCV made up to 48.23 percent (Afghanistan strain) and 53.69 percent (South Africa) of the cannabinoids found. We've seen no reports on its activity in humans. From animal studies it appears to be much faster in onset and quicker to dissipate than THC. It may be the constituent of one or two toke grass, but its activity appears to be somewhat less than that of THC.
Some people use the term THC to refer collectively to delta-9 THC, delta-8 THC, and THCV. An interesting note is that people who have a prescription for Marinol (medical THC) may be tested for THCV. Marinol contains no THCV, if a person tests positive it means they have been using marijuana.
Cannabichromene - CBC
Cannabichromene - CBC is another major cannabinoid, although it is found in smaller concentrations than CBD and THC. It was previously believed that is was a minor constituent, but more exacting analysis showed that the compound often reported as CBD may actually be CBC.
Relative to THC and CBD, its concentration in the plants is low, probably not exceeding 20 percent of total cannabinoids. CBC is believed not to be psychotomimetic in humans; however, its presence in plants is purportedly very potent has led to the suspicion that it may be interacting with THC to enhance the high.
Cannabicyclol (CBL) is a degradative product like CBN. During extraction, light converts CBC to CBL. There are no reports on its activity in humans, and it is found in small amounts, if at all, in fresh plant material.
Cannabinoids And The High
The marijuana high is a complex experience. It involves a wide range of psychical, physical, and emotional responses. The high is a subjective experience based in the individual and one's personality, mood, disposition, and experience with the drug.
Given the person, the intensity of the high depends primarily on the amount of THC present in the marijuana. Delta-9 THC is the main ingredient of marijuana and must be present in sufficient quantities for a good marijuana high.
People who smoke grass that has very little cannabinoids other then delta-9 THC usually report that the high is very intense. Most people will feel something from a joint having delta-9 THC of 3 percent concentration to material.
Grass having a THC concentration of 10 percent would be considered very good, and 20 percent or more would be excellent quality by most users standards. In general, we use potency to mean the sum effects of the cannabinoids and the overall high induced.
Marijuana (plant material) is sometimes rated more potent than the content of delta-9 THC alone would suggest. It also elicits qualitatively different highs. The reasons for this have not been sorted out. Few clinical studies with known combinations of several cannabinoids have been undertaken with human subjects.
So far, different highs and possibly higher potency seem to be due to the interaction of delta-9 THC and other cannabinoids (THCV,CBD,CBN, and possibly CBC). Except for THCV, in the pure form, these other cannabinoids do not have much psychoactivity.
Another possibility for higher potency is that homologues of delta-9 THC with longer side chains at C-3 (and higher activity) might be found in certain marijuana varieties. Compounds with longer side chains have been made in laboratories and their activity is sometimes much higher, with estimates over 500 times that of natural delta-9 THC.
The possibility that there are non-cannabinoids that are psychoactive or interacting with the cannabinoids has not been investigated in detail. Non-cannabinoids with biological activity have been isolated from the plants, but only in very small quantities.
None are known to be psychotomimetic. However, they may contribute to the overall experience in non-mental ways, such as the stimulation of the appetite.
Different blends of cannabinoids account for high of different qualities. The intensity of the high depends primarily on the amount of delta-9 THC present and on the method of ingestion. A complex drug such as marijuana affects the mind and body in many ways. Sorting out what accounts for what response can become quite complex.
Books
Marijuana Botany
If you want to improve quality and quantity of your crop this has information collected from 50 years of laboratory and field research from doctors, scientists, horticulturists, and other professionals.
Understanding this book requires that you have a solid knowledge of horticultural and scientific terminology. Not for the small time grower, this is more for commercial operations and advanced growers.
Marijuana Botany
Marijuana Chemistry:
Genetics, Processing And Potency
Explains the various cannabinoids that marijuana is made up of and how things like growing conditions, harvesting, processing, affect the potency of the final product.
Lots of tables, graphs, and other info. Recommended for the intermediate and expert marijuana grower, this is heavy on chemistry. If you do not have a very good grasp of science and chemistry this book is not for you.
Marijuana Chemistry
The Big Book of Buds:
Marijuana Varieties from
the World's Great Seed Breeders
This full color guide shows various marijuana strains from around the world. Includes info like plant type (sativa or indica), flowering time, where to plant (in or outdoors), expected yield size, origin of the strain, taste, strength of stone, etc.
Intended for growers who want to compare different marijuana strains to decide what type of seed is right for their particular situation. There are two volumes, 1 and 2. Each book is alphabetically arranged and has descriptions of about 100 varieties. Volume 1 contains a number of strains that are hard if not impossible to find. Volume 2 is the most recent so seeds for these varieties will be easier to find.
The Big Book of Buds Volume 1
The Big Book of Buds Volume 2
The Cannabible
Of the 1500+ strains of marijuana the author of this book has studied, he put 200 in 'The Cannabible 1' and another 200 in 'The Cannabible 2'. Superb images (over 400 full-color photographs) of those varieties are included in each volume along with descriptions of their aromas, flavors, effects, and origins.
Both living plants as well as the harvested product are shown. This book would be most appreciated by the marijuana grower who would like to see pictures of what healthy marijuana plants and harvested buds should look like. Links are provided to the softcover editions. Each book was also released in hardcover form, however volume one hardcover edition is out of print.
The Cannabible Volume 1
The Cannabible Volume 2
The Cannabis Breeder's Bible:
The Definitive Guide to
Marijuana Genetics, Cannabis Botany
and Creating Strains for the Seed Market
For the advanced grower that wants to produce their own premium seed variety and market it. Contains photographs, illustrations, and interviews with breeders and seed bank professionals.
Covers such topics as international seed law issues, protecting new breeds or strains from knockoff artists, shipping seeds and clones, breeding lab designs, product testing, common mutations, and more.
The Cannabis Breeder's Bible
More Marijuana Books
Marijuana books from Amazon
Marijuana Related
More Marijuana Articles
Various Marijuana Links