There aren't any species of spider that would eat the foliage, buds or roots of cannabis. There are a few species that will feed on nectar and pollen but female cannabis flowers don't produce any nectar. Spider mites are a different story but they aren't actually spiders, they're mites.
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Although spiders are generally regarded as predatory, the jumping spider Bagheera kiplingi gets over 90% of its food from fairly solid plant material produced by acacias. The spiders inhabit Acacia trees which have a symbiotic relationship with certain species of ants, producing specialized protein- and fat-rich nubs called Beltian bodies at their leaf tips for the ants to consume. The spiders consume these nubs, which can account for over 90% of their diet, actively avoiding the ants that attempt to guard their food source against intruders. The spiders also consume nectar, also produced by the Acacias for their ant symbionts, as well as occasionally stealing ant larvae from passing worker ants for food.
Juveniles of some spiders in the families Anyphaenidae, Corinnidae, Clubionidae, Thomisidae and Salticidae feed on plant nectar. Laboratory studies show that they do so deliberately and over extended periods, and periodically clean themselves while feeding. These spiders also prefer sugar solutions to plain water, which indicates that they are seeking nutrients. Since many spiders are nocturnal, the extent of nectar consumption by spiders may have been under-estimated. Nectar contains amino acids, lipids, vitamins and minerals in addition to sugars, and studies have shown that other spider species live longer when nectar is available. Feeding on nectar avoids the risks of struggles with prey, and the costs of producing venom and digestive enzymes.
Various species are known to feed on dead arthropods (scavenging), web silk, and their own shed exoskeletons. Pollen caught in webs may also be eaten, and studies have shown that young spiders have a better chance of survival if they have the opportunity to eat pollen. In captivity, several spider species are also known to feed on bananas, marmalade, milk, egg yolk and sausages.