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dr.gt
i guess the title say's it all eh, well no not really. i was wondering what strain gw used in the manufacture of sativex, ive read a few things about sativex but never seen anything about how its made, the type of canna they used and what else is in it unsure.gif rolleyes.gif

if any of you lot know please enlighten me idea.gif ta
Leprechan Sweet Leaf
Northern lights or Sk#1 (possibly)

Not G13 lol.gif
SadSack
They bought the strains from a dutch company called Hortipharm (bouight the company actually), think it was owned by RC Clarke and someone else and they'd bred their own special strains with different cannabinoid levels. They have 9 strains but I think they only use 2 for sativex one is 100% thc the other 100% cbd. These strains were made by traditional means no genetic maipulation other than the standard selection of plants for desired traits. The only other thing in sativex is a tiny bit of alcohol so it can be ansorbed sublingually.
Pot Noodler
i've wondered this for a while.

If as was shown on the 'should i smoke dope' programme taking pure THC, without CBD can cause a heavily depressive hit with not much enjoyment (assuming that wasn't just a reaction to a massive intraveinous dose) , then surely theres only one source for the daily mails 'mindbending skunk' and that would be GW pharma/hortifarm?.

just a thought not stated as fact
compostverte
By all accounts "Each spray of Sativex delivers a fixed dose of 2.7mg THC and 2.5mg CBD."

Now, based on 10 percent THC, one 0.2 gramme single hit from my pipe which would entertain me me adequately most evenings would be approx 2 doses ... a 1 gramme pure spliff would contain 100mg THC or 40 doses.

... though without the balancing effect of so much CBD
Mono
QUOTE (SadSack @ May 25 2009, 03:46 AM) *
They have 9 strains but I think they only use 2 for sativex one is 100% thc the other 100% cbd.


Are you sure about this????

That Horizon programme has a lot to answer for.......

Monk...x
jason24msc
Yes, GW have exclusivity to Hortapharms seed base which has been built up since the 80's when Dr Clarke came from California to the Netherlands. apparently one is 99% CBD and the other 99% THC although these are amazing claims.
The reason why they hype up the 99% pure thing is because the government can only give regulation for a drug if it comes in standard doses. This is what GW pharmaceuticals does when it extracts the cannabinoids from a known cultivar.
Unfortunately I dont what breeds they are but im sure the are the same stuff people get in the coffeshops.
If yuo really wanted to find out just check up Hortapharms business presence on the net and you will see that the only countryside business holding they have is in Aylesbury, so that is where they are growing 200 tonnes a year in th UK.
mellofello
The straisn they use won't be anything that you can but in the seed shops. For a start they are looking for different things. they are look for stability and consistent THC and CBD content whilst we as growers are looking for balanced highs with flavour, growth pattern suitable for indoors with a good yeils etc. Whilst some of these factors might be importatn to them the most by far is consistency.

peace

mello
ragemonkey
QUOTE (compostverte @ May 25 2009, 09:06 AM) *
By all accounts "Each spray of Sativex delivers a fixed dose of 2.7mg THC and 2.5mg CBD."

Now, based on 10 percent THC, one 0.2 gramme single hit from my pipe which would entertain me me adequately most evenings would be approx 2 doses ... a 1 gramme pure spliff would contain 100mg THC or 40 doses.

... though without the balancing effect of so much CBD


When you burn cannabis most of the THC is broken down by the heat and becomes unusable .
mudkipz
99/100% THC and CBD rofl.gif rofl.gif rofl.gif rofl.gif rofl.gif
It's like arsjan's trying to sell that strain
It's obviously not, i mean it's just not possible, is that based on gas chromatography against the vegetal matter? if so 10% would be exceptionally high
Even if they're going by the resin content it would be completely impossible to get upwards of 60 odd percent at an extreme push (probably with some 'gene therapy'), seriously, 99%?
seriously, WTF are they claiming? forgive me if I'm wrong but it just sounds like a cartload of horseshit...
maybe The Rip Off Seed Company bred the strain for them...





Mudkipz just tooooooo fucking suspiscious of sativex.....
(not saying it doesnt help loads)
Joolz
the plants that Sativex are made from are not 99% thc or 99% cbd wink.gif

Sativex itself contains a mix of 50% thc and 50% cbd suspended in an alcohol solution
mudkipz
QUOTE (Joolz @ May 25 2009, 01:31 PM) *
the plants that Sativex are made from are not 99% thc or 99% cbd wink.gif

Sativex itself contains a mix of 50% thc and 50% cbd suspended in an alcohol solution




That sounds about right
ordinaryguy
QUOTE (mudkipz @ May 25 2009, 12:57 PM) *
99/100% THC and CBD rofl.gif rofl.gif rofl.gif rofl.gif rofl.gif
It's like arsjan's trying to sell that strain
It's obviously not, i mean it's just not possible, is that based on gas chromatography against the vegetal matter? if so 10% would be exceptionally high
Even if they're going by the resin content it would be completely impossible to get upwards of 60 odd percent at an extreme push (probably with some 'gene therapy'), seriously, 99%?
seriously, WTF are they claiming? forgive me if I'm wrong but it just sounds like a cartload of horseshit...
maybe The Rip Off Seed Company bred the strain for them...





Mudkipz just tooooooo fucking suspiscious of sativex.....
(not saying it doesnt help loads)





i think the point being made is the strains grown are grown nearly exclusively for either thc , or cbd, not that the plants are pure thc or cbd, therefore they can control the extraction allot easier...


ie, plant has say 12% thc and 0.1% cbd.... so for the usable material from the plant it would be 99% thc (i'm not being exact, but i hope the point is cleared)
jason24msc
QUOTE (Joolz @ May 25 2009, 01:31 PM) *
the plants that Sativex are made from are not 99% thc or 99% cbd wink.gif

Sativex itself contains a mix of 50% thc and 50% cbd suspended in an alcohol solution



check out this video (http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=5030388544973469056) from GW at a cannabinoid conference (From 8.30mins). The director and research director Geoffrey guy clearly states that the cannbinoid profile of the plant is 96% CBD.
jason24msc
From an excerpt on (http://www.medicalmarihuana.ca/medpotinc.html) dated 2005 it says:

"Hortapharm, whose chief grower is said to have created one of the most popular strains of marijuana, Skunk No. 1, has a licence from the Dutch government to grow marijuana for research purposes."
Hortapharm also supply GW the seeds so im guessing that most of their cultivars are bred through skunk no. 1. The CBD ratios are probably incresed in this consistent growing plant by mixing it with Eastern european hemp varieties such as U.S.O 31 or finnola which produce high CBD ratios (sometimes as high as 50% although the total cannabinoid content can be as low 2%)

oh yeh and hortapharms address is

HORTA PHARM
Unit 7, Acorn Business Centre, Cublington Rd Wing, LEIGHTON BUZZARD. LU7 0LB

or

HORTAPHARM LTD
12 Rylands Mews, Lake Street, LEIGHTON BUZZARD. LU7 1SP

If anybody lives there could they just have a peek through the window and let us know whats going on.
dr.gt
whoa, my first featured topic guitar.gif i'm so proud lol.gif

thanks for all the responses peeps

i'd like to see how they do the extraction, maybe i'll send em a letter and ask if i could go on a factory tour lol.gif
ratdog
QUOTE (Joolz @ May 25 2009, 01:31 PM) *
the plants that Sativex are made from are not 99% thc or 99% cbd wink.gif

Sativex itself contains a mix of 50% thc and 50% cbd suspended in an alcohol solution



My three favourite things in on handy package!

rofl.gif whistling.gif
dorko420
I found this bit of info on David Watson & Robert Clarke (!) - Hortapharm's founders... It's from 2004.. Seems like they gathered the strains from the wild and bred them themselves... They didn't just pop into Sensi and pick up a pack of Jack Herer then.. wink1.gif

QUOTE
David Watson, the CEO of the Dutch R&D company Hortapharm, has assembled what is arguably the world's most comprehensive cannabis-seed library.

By: Bill Breen

In the annals of medical-marijuana history, it was a significant moment: In June 1998, British regulators granted GW Pharmaceuticals a license to cultivate and supply marijuana for research and pharmaceutical development. There was just one problem: Where in the world would Geoffrey Guy, GW's founder and chairman, find a legal source of pharmaceutical-grade marijuana seeds -- enough to grow "tons" of material? Someone in England's Home Office gave Guy a tip: A reclusive Dutch company called Hortapharm, founded by two Californian expatriates, might be able to help him out.

In the world of ganja connoisseurs, Hortapharm's founders -- David Watson and Robert Clarke -- are near-gods. Clarke, Hortapharm's principal botanist, is the author of Marijuana Botany and Hashish!, the first serious, science-based books on cannabis cultivation for a counter-culture readership. Watson, the company's CEO, traveled to nearly every marijuana-rich country on the planet and assembled what is arguably the world's most comprehensive cannabis-seed library. Allen St. Pierre, executive director of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws, credits Watson with "almost single-handedly preserving hundreds of strains of cannabis."

When I met Watson in his office in a residential neighborhood in Amsterdam, he presented me with two marijuana seeds. One seed, from Kashmir, was the size of a pinhead -- "wild ditch weed, wannabe marijuana," Watson called it. The other was a hemp seed, as fat as a lentil. The seeds could easily have symbolized the breadth of his study of Cannabis sativa.

Watson has a linebacker's build and a crooked, Jack Nicholson smile. On the subject of cannabis, he is ferociously opinionated, frequently punctuating his assertions with an in-your-face refrain: "Do you understand?" What follows are excerpts from a lengthy interview, in which he describes how he and Clarke came to be two of the pioneering entrepreneurs in the Aboveground Marijuana Economy.

What drove you to collect cannabis seeds?

I had a jewelry and clothing import business during the 1970s and early '80s, and I did a lot of traveling throughout Asia. While I was in India, I became aware of Ayurvedic medicine, which still uses cannabis to treat a wide variety of illnesses. I've always had an interest in seeds -- I'm a lifetime member of the Seed Savers Exchange in the US -- and I began collecting cannabis seeds to see how different strains might be used for different medical applications. I also saw how eradication efforts by international law enforcement agencies were having a negative effect on the very high end of the gene pool. I wanted to collect that high end before it was lost. I collected in Mexico, South Africa, Thailand, Colombia -- thousands of strains from dozens of countries.

How would you find the seeds that you wanted?

It depends. If it's during the growing season, you might be able to make contact with an illicit farmer. If it's out of season, you've got to connect with a person who sells illegal cannabis. I've walked into pharmacies and asked, "If I was interested in getting seeds from the cannabis plant for making medicine, where would I get them?" In south India, I notified the police that I was collecting and one of them gave me a plant as a present! My goal was to collect all of these genetics worldwide. It wasn't easy -- sometimes you have to step into harm's way to get the goods.

What kind of a plant would you look for?

In general, you're looking for a clean genetic profile -- the ability to produce the compound you're after. And you want a plant that's producing lots of flowers -- lots of resin. If the plant doesn't have a lot of resin on it, it's probably not going to have very much THC in it, even if the profile is incredibly clean. You need both.

The clones that people are using to produce illicit marijuana are by far primarily only THC [the psychoactive ingredient in marijuana]. They don't really have the other cannabinoids because year after year, recreational smokers have selected only for THC and rejected everything else. But because we're breeding for medicine, we're after THC and all the other cannabinoids. [Cannabis is comprised of 61 cannabinoids, complex molecules unique to the plant, of which THC is the best known.] I don't have any interest in collecting varieties that have been developed in the West by marijuana growers. They're just have the same old THC, which is what recreational smokers are looking for. I want varieties that have unusual characteristics in their growth or flowering period, or new and unusual sources of cannabinoids.

What led you to launch Hortapharm?

Our original business plan was to breed pharmaceutical-grade cannabis and use it to produce a cheaper, generic version of Marinol. [Marinol is a synthetic-THC tablet for treating nausea induced by cancer chemotherapy.] We knew we could produce pure THC from the plant, which is superior to a synthetic. I'm convinced that the synergistic effects of the full plant, which in its natural form produces 400 compounds, is far more medically beneficial that any single synthetic component.

We were going to knock our price down at least a third or more from Marinol's price tag. We thought that within a year or two, we could grab 66% of Marinol's $20-million market, which was enough to support our small company. But money wasn't the reason we did this. We were really interested in bringing cannabis back into mainstream medicine.

Given the drug laws in the United States, I guess you had no choice but to set Hortapharm up in the Netherlands.

We never could have carried out this activity in America -- we would have turned old and gray just waiting to do the work. So in 1994, we applied to the Dutch Ministry of Health for a license to cultivate cannabis. We finally got it in 1997, which made us the Netherlands' first legal operation to grow cannabis for pharmaceutical research. The application process was extraordinarily rigorous. I was shocked by how long it took. Holland has this rep as the marijuana capital of the world. But while it's true that you can buy a small amount in a coffee shop, the government is very strict with cultivation.

How did you go about growing pharmaceutical-grade cannabis, which must be standardized to be made into a medicine?

That's the thing. If you bought tomato seeds and grew 100 plants, they'd all come out the same. But if you bought cannabis seeds on the black market and grew 100 plants, you're probably going to get a lot of variation. Amateur growers just don't have a full understanding of how to breed. I had spent years collecting cannabis seeds worldwide. We grew thousands and thousands of those, analyzed them, and selected for the target compounds we really wanted. We grew the plants in a big glasshouse and we also grew outdoors, in secret locations.

[Watson displays a photograph of five acres of high-grade pot, cultivated for seed production, from "somewhere" in Europe.] After we extracted the seeds we wanted from this crop, we burned all five acres. My American friends were dumbfounded -- it would have been worth millions of dollars on the black market. But that's what plant breeders do -- we grow 100,000 plants, keep 100 of them, and trash all the rest. I love to kill. I'm getting rid of everything that's imperfect.

Okay, so you got the seeds you wanted. How did you then grow plants that were genetically consistent -- a prerequisite for producing medicine?

Cannabis is normally a heterozygote, which means it has two sets of chromosomes -- one from the mother and one from the father, and they vary. Through a proprietary technique we developed called selfing, we became the world's first breeders to develop homozygote cannabis, in which both sets of chromosomes are identical. We then mass produced plants with just the one cannabinoid profile we wanted. We grew plants that were 98% THC, or 98% CBD. And that's what Geoffrey Guy [founder of GW Pharmaceuticals] was looking for. He wanted different cannabinoids -- THC, CBD, CBC, CBG -- which he could then blend in different ratios and explore them for their medical efficacy. We were the only ones in the world who had what Geoffrey badly needed.

How did you meet Dr. Guy?

We had sent a representative to a meeting of the Multiple Sclerosis Society in England, which Geoffrey attended. We were the only people there that were supporting the U.K. government's position on medical marijuana, which was to take a step-by-step approach to studying the issue. Everybody else just wanted to legalize medical marijuana tomorrow. We felt it was better to test the materials first and put them through a normal drug-approval process. Our colleague impressed Geoffrey, and he contacted us.

When Geoffrey came over here in 1998, we were getting close to our financial limit. We're an R&D company -- we didn't have a product that was making an income. The problem for Geoffrey is that all cannabis experts have backgrounds -- they've built their expertise by working with an illegal material. But Hortapharm was fully licensed by the Dutch government. So Geoffrey got a legal supply of pharmaceutical grade germ-plasm. And he got me and Robert Clarke to pass along our knowledge. We gave him at least a five-year head start.

If Sativex, GW's cannabis-based medicine for treating MS symptoms, gets approved by British regulators, what effect will that have on the debate over medical marijuana?

It will prove to people, patients, and businesses that cannabis can be a valuable therapeutic agent. And once Sativex gets the go-ahead in the UK, it will quickly win approval in Europe, Canada, and Australia -- and the U.S. will be the one country to stand there and say, No, cannabis has no therapeutic application. But I don't think American scientists will stand for that.
jason24msc
Hi, just thought id put this link up on how to select for CBD because if anyone knows exactly what selfing is and has a gas chromatograph handy then they would be able to copy Hortapharms techniques. Also could someone explain selfing if they know?


http://www.genetics.org/cgi/content/full/163/1/335#T3
onehotminute
RE the interview with the hortafarm guy...

To me it sounds like he contradicts himself a couple of times with this argument that commercial weed is only thc, but then he says he managed to breed weed with pure thc... and then says how he admires the synergistic effect of all the cannabinoids?!

seems to me like hes hiding something
Grimweeder
selfing is a technique usually used for making feminized seeds where the female is reversed with chemicals an pollinated with itself or a clone of.
tends to give wider diversity in the offspring so maybe why they used it to see the whole cannabinoid profile of the whole genotype, dunno thou i dint read the whole article
do search for more info
compostverte
I wish I could get my hands on some hemp flowering tops to make an extract from ...
Grimweeder
QUOTE (compostverte @ May 28 2009, 04:39 AM) *
I wish I could get my hands on some hemp flowering tops to make an extract from ...


you can buy the seeds and grow it yourself then grow a high thc strain, any skunk would do, make bho from both plants an mix it together.
voila you got your own form of sativex with a high cbd\thc ratio.
there was some info somewhere on the strain they use for cbd but i dunno wot it is off hand most hemp strains are high in cbd tho an easy enough to get seeds online.

maryjane
Northern Lights back bred to 00 pheno

100% plant extract

what Joolz said

jason24msc
QUOTE (dr.gt @ May 25 2009, 05:57 PM) *
whoa, my first featured topic guitar.gif i'm so proud lol.gif

thanks for all the responses peeps

i'd like to see how they do the extraction, maybe i'll send em a letter and ask if i could go on a factory tour lol.gif


They do the extraction using silica chromatography. Its a method of seperating molecules by weight, size and electric charge. But mainly electric charge. Firstly they mash up the cannabis in a grinder with a solvent such as Ethyl acetate mixed with methanol. Then they pack a column full of fine grade silica powder and pour the cannabis solution through the column with a dripper at the bottom so it comes out slowly.
The silica is positively charged and so the more negative charge there is on a molecule going through the silica then the more that molecule will be attracted to the silica and the slower it will pass through. Of course weight and size of a molecule in an extract causes differences in the time the molecule takes to pass through the silica column, but charge is the main thing.
CBD is the one that comes out first. It can take weeks for kilograms of cannabis extract to pass through a 50 litre silica column. So the process GW use may me modified for industrial purposes. It could be that GW use a high pressure style of chromatography involving another ligand in the column which can pick up the cannabinoids. This kind of additive is the thing which would be regulated by whatever the health council in britain is.



jason24msc
QUOTE (Grimweeder @ May 28 2009, 04:21 AM) *
selfing is a technique usually used for making feminized seeds where the female is reversed with chemicals an pollinated with itself or a clone of.

So are my feminized seeds from Greenhouse seeds f1 or f2. Because from what it looks like if they are f2 then i will get some freakishly high CBD ratios or even CBG if im growing the right strain. This looks quite exciting from a breeders perspective, no?
bartman
Sativex =


- Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
27mg/ml (from Tetranabinex® -
Cannabis sativa L. extract)

- Cannabidiol 25mg/ml (from
Nabidiolex® - Cannabis sativa L.
extract)

- Ethanol anhydrous

- Propylene glycol

- Peppermint oil
Grimweeder
QUOTE (jason24msc @ May 30 2009, 01:26 PM) *
QUOTE (Grimweeder @ May 28 2009, 04:21 AM) *
selfing is a technique usually used for making feminized seeds where the female is reversed with chemicals an pollinated with itself or a clone of.

So are my feminized seeds from Greenhouse seeds f1 or f2. Because from what it looks like if they are f2 then i will get some freakishly high CBD ratios or even CBG if im growing the right strain. This looks quite exciting from a breeders perspective, no?


that would be a mystery to most people i think, greenhouse are very good at avoiding questions relating to lineage etc an generally dont answer them. i would assume they are f1 though.
its very unlikely youl get any cbd ratio over 1% from any greenhouse strain. if you want high cbd an other cannabinoids you may wanna try some of the pure landraces from the real seed co like mazar i shariff etc. most strains of hybrid cannabis have had the cbd bred out of them an replaced for thc. GH strains arnt selfed either they are jus hybrids that are feminized(same technique but cross pollination from 2 genetically diff plants) selfing tends to be something that breeders dont do as the results can be quit unpredictable an most of the time you get a huge amount of variation, can be good, but also bad depending wot your breeding for.
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